Scanning Confocal Raman spectroscopy (+AFM)

Conventional mode (Laser excitation wavelengths of 488, 532 and 633 nm):

• High-pass filters have signal cutoff below ~100 cm^-1.
• No anti-Stokes Raman scattering.

Rayshield mode (Laser excitation wavelength of 532 nm):

• Two volume Bragg gratings produce narrow cutoff within [-10, 10] cm^-1.
• Capable of displaying the anti-Stokes and Stokes Raman scattering simultaneously.
• Requires a separate training session.

AFM AC- and Contact-modes:

• Useful for quick large-scale topographical analysis.
• Small-scale analysis is limited to ~25 nm/px resolution because of acoustic and mechanical vibrations.
• The area of interest (in Raman) can be AFM-imaged in less than ~30 min.
• Requires a separate training session.